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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Zhaotong City of Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2019, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne disease outbreaks in Zhaotong City. Methods Data were collected from National Foodborne Diseases Surveillance Network during 2010-2019, and a descriptive analysis of the data was carried out. Results A total of 82 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported from 2010 to 2019, involving 2 060 cases and 40 deaths. In 2016, there were 12 (accounting for 14.63%) foodborne disease outbreaks. Foodborne disease outbreaks displayed seasonal pattern, and mainly occurred from July to October. Families were the main places of foodborne disease outbreaks, accounting for 63.41%. Poisonous mushroom was the main food for outbreaks, which caused 39 outbreaks of foodborne diseases (accounting for 47.56%）. Twenty-six people died from eating wild mushroom, accounting for 65.00% of the total deaths. Drinking and eating by mistake were the main cause of the disease, leading to 47 cases (57.31%). Conclusions Summer and Autumn are the high-risk seasons for foodborne disease outbreaks in Zhaotong City. Eating and drinking by mistake are the main cause of the disease, and eating poisonous mushroom is the predominant reason. It is necessary to strengthen food safety education, to improve food safety awareness, and to strengthen the supervision of food safety in collective canteens and issue early warning intervention in time in the season of high incidence of foodborne diseases.
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Objective@#To evaluate the daily average intake of dietary fiber of primary school students in Gongshu District, Hangzhou, in order to strengthen the diet guidance and health education.@*Methods@#The method of stratified random cluster sampling was employed to carry out a dietary survey for 887 pupils from 2-6th grade selected from 4 primary schools in Gongshu District, Hangzhou City. The consumption of various kinds of breakfast in pupils’ diet was obtained through dietary survey. The content of dietary fibers in various kinds of food was determined by enzymatic-gravimetric method, and based on this, the daily average intake of dietary fiber of pupils in Gongshu District was calculated.@*Results@#A total of 434 samples of 12 kinds of food in Gongshu District of Hangzhou were determined. The results showed that the dietary fiber content ranged from 0.31 to 2.17 g/100 g in all kinds of breakfast. The difference of dietary fiber content was statistically significant(F=76.50, P=0.00). Among them, noodles and soybean milk were found of more dietary fiber content. However, pupils’ dietary fiber intake for breakfast ranged from 1.82 to 3.04 g/100 g, and the intake was generally low, showing an increasing trend with the increase of grade. The difference of dietary fiber intake among the second to sixth grades was statistically significant (F=18.72, P=0.01). After comparison by SLD method, it was found that the difference of dietary fiber intake between the second and third grade (P=0.22), and between the fifth and sixth grade(P=0.30) were not statistically significant, but the others were statistically significant(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The unreasonable dietary structure and poor breakfast quality are common phenomena. Well-tailored education programs slaping of adequate and blanced dietary behaviors are in great needs.
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〔Abstract〕 Taking Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as an example , the paper analyzes problems existing in teaching computer basic courses .It proposes to combine the teaching concept of flipped classroom with the case -based teaching method , reform the teach-ing contents, methods, processes and modes of computer basic courses in medical colleges and cultivate students ′abilities to analyze and solve problems , and analyzes the feasibility .
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“Mechanical memory” approach was commonly used in the knowledge learning of traditional Chinese medicine, which makes students often feel that the knowledge is too abstract, and this method is thus ineffective. “Qihuang the way” using Unity 3D game development platform inte-grates the elements of medical knowledge of the Chinese medical history, and combines TCM theoretical knowledge learning with serious games , which can help invoke students' enthusiasm and improve learning efficiency in an entertaining way.
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To select the most effective parameters of electroacupuncture (EA) at Hegu (LI4) and Sanyinjiao (SP6), a traditional acupuncture formula that induces labor, by comparing its effects on uterine contraction in late-stage pregnant rats, so as to improve the effects of acupuncture on induction of labor and its clinical maneuverability and provide the basis for further mechanism research.